For Elizabeth Hernández, agave planning manager at Casa Sauza, the first problem drones solved wasn't technical. It was about people. Sauza kept track of its 30 million agave plants with two crews of 20, who walked the fields twice a year counting plant by plant, and fewer and fewer people were willing to take the job. As Hernández puts it:
Es un trabajo muy pesado, hay que imaginarse los 40 grados de calor en Nayarit e ir contando agave por agave, [verificar] que las plantas siguen ahí, que no están dañadas.
It's very hard work: imagine 40 °C heat in Nayarit, counting agave by agave, checking the plants are still there and undamaged.
A drone can fly over a field and photograph it. Telling an agave from a weed or a stone is another matter, and no off-the-shelf tool could. Sauza needed one built for agave.
That's where Manglar came in. The team trained an AI model to recognize blue agave in drone imagery, and Sauza became Manglar's first agave customer. Germán Medina, Manglar's CEO, recalls how it started:
Ya teníamos experiencia con cultivos en Colombia, lo que hicimos [para Sauza] fue construir un modelo de inteligencia artificial para el cultivo del agave. Fue el primer cliente con quien trabajamos en agave.
We already had experience with crops in Colombia; what we did for Sauza was build an AI model for agave. They were our first agave customer.
Counting soon wasn't enough. Weeds cost piña weight at every stage of the six-year cycle, so the models learned to map weedy zones and to flag diseased or pest-hit plants. Those maps now guide drones to apply herbicide only where it's needed, instead of spraying whole fields from backpacks or light aircraft.
Today Sauza counts the agave on 60% of its fields every two months, aiming for 90%. Its engineers see each field in a digital platform the week after it's flown, and plan from there. Hernández gives an example of what her engineers can now say:
Ahora ya sé que en ese cultivo hay maleza, enfermedades, agave marchito… entonces en mi próximo plan semanal voy a incluir la solución de este problema.
Now I know that field has weeds, disease, wilted agave… so I'll put the fix in my next weekly plan.
Because every plant is tracked against yearly targets, Sauza doesn't wait six years to see how a crop turned out: it can already project how its fields will meet tequila demand years ahead. What began as an answer to a labor shortage is now part of how the company plans. As Hernández sums it up:
Los resultados no los veré al final, sino año con año, y eso nos permite tener un plan.
I won't see the results only at the end, but year by year, and that lets us plan.
Based on the article by Zacarías Ramírez in Fortune en Español, April 2020.